The Ramparts

The Portuguese built these walls in the 18th century, but the current fortifications are Moroccan — designed by a French engineer for Sultan Mohammed III. The cannons still point to sea, stamped with the names of European foundries that supplied both sides. The Skala de la Ville runs along the north side of the medina. The rampart walk offers views of the ocean, the fishing boats, and on clear days, the purple outline of the Canary Islands. The cannon platforms have become impromptu photography studios; everyone wants the same shot. The walls tell a story of trade and threat. Essaouira was Morocco's window to Europe — exporting sugar, argan oil, and Jewish merchants' goods. The fortifications protected the wealth. Now they protect the medina from Atlantic storms. Best time: Late afternoon (golden light on stone) Allow: 45 minutes for the full circuit Combine with: Skala du Port and the harbour